God-Soaked World Bible Guide – Day 4

Thursday, March 9 – Genesis 32:22-32

22 The same night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maids, and his eleven children, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok. 23 He took them and sent them across the stream, and likewise everything that he had. 24 Jacob was left alone; and a man wrestled with him until daybreak. 25 When the man saw that he did not prevail against Jacob, he struck him on the hip socket; and Jacob’s hip was put out of joint as he wrestled with him. 26 Then he said, “Let me go, for the day is breaking.” But Jacob said, “I will not let you go, unless you bless me.” 27 So he said to him, “What is your name?” And he said, “Jacob.” 28 Then the man said, “You shall no longer be called Jacob, but Israel, for you have striven with God and with humans, and have prevailed.” 29 Then Jacob asked him, “Please tell me your name.” But he said, “Why is it that you ask my name?” And there he blessed him. 30 So Jacob called the place Peniel, saying, “For I have seen God face to face, and yet my life is preserved.” 31 The sun rose upon him as he passed Penuel, limping because of his hip. 32 Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the thigh muscle that is on the hip socket, because he struck Jacob on the hip socket at the thigh muscle.

Points of Interest:

  • Isaac, Abraham’s son, has grown up and had children himself, two twins in fact. Isaac’s favorite, Esau, is the strong, silent type, but not very shrewd. Isaac’s wife’s favorite, Jacob, is far more clever and ambitious, but also highly manipulative in his patterns of achieving success. As a grown man, Jacob is – for his times – fabulously wealthy and also is now a patriarch of his own large, complicated, polygamous household. Where we pick up the story, Jacob hasn’t seen his angry, potentially vengeful brother, Esau, in many years but plans on meeting him the next day. He’s also alone at night for the first time in many years, in the darkness of Palestine’s pre-electricity, pitch black wilderness.
  • Jacob is ambushed in the middle of the night. Options for who this might be: (a) Jacob’s angry brother Esau, attacking him before he can prepare to defend himself. Or (b) a bandit, come in the night to rob and kill him. Either way, this is bad news, and Jacob starts fighting.
  • As the wrestling continues long into the night, and then – near dawn – Jacob’s opponent exerts suddenly massive strength and injures him, Jacob wonders if this is some kind of spiritual being he’s wrestling. Long night, polytheistic culture – who knows?
  • Turns out Jacob is right. Jacob longs for blessing – positive words about his future that carry authority. You can read the back story yourself in Genesis if you like, but Jacob has been longing for this his whole life, as the only blessing his own father ever gave him was one he stole. It was meant for his brother, not for him.
  • Jacob is blessed, and the blessing is a new name – Israel, which means “struggles with God”. Jacob’s good news is that God wants to know him and interact with him. This god is there to be Jacob’s object of worship and allegiance, but also to be Jacob’s – and by extension, his descendants’ – sparring partner over the most substantive matters of life.
  • Names become very important in this passage. Jacob gets a new name that ties his story to God’s. Turns out this name will stick to all biological and spiritual descendants of Jacob – people who can struggle/wrestle with God, be blessed, and live. Jacob renames the spot of land where this happened “Peniel,” because he thinks he has seen the very face of God. The one name that’s not given is the mysterious nighttime wrestler/angel/god-figure. In ancient religions, naming was a way of gaining power over the one named, and it’s clear who maintains authority in this scene.
  • As a reminder of the power imbalance in this encounter, Jacob leaves with a limp. Symbolically, he’s no longer an ambitious striver, hoping to know God and earnestly trying to prove himself in the world. Instead, he’s secure in his identity as loved and named by God, while accepting that his own mortal condition will always be conditional, weak, incomplete.

Spiritual Exercise: Reread this passage slowly, trying to imagine yourself as Jacob. How does it feel when you are attacked? What does this wrestling look and sound and smell like as it continues through the night? What do you think when you wonder if this is God? How does it feel that God insists you accept your own weakness? What is it like to be blessed, to be told you are known and that you can struggle with God and live to tell the tale?

After the reflection, ask if there’s any question or yearning you have to ask God over these 40 Days. Consider making that your prayer about what you want God to do for you. What would it feel like to “wrestle” with God over this prayer?

Prayer: Pray that God will attack, but then love, one of your six in the middle of the night this week. Should that not occur, or should that prove to be an uncomfortable prayer, ask that God will help one or all of your six speak frankly and honestly with God about their doubts, the struggles, or their questions.

God-Soaked World Bible Guide – Day 3

Wednesday, March 8 – Genesis 22:1-19

After these things God tested Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am.” He said, “Take your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains that I shall show you.” So Abraham rose early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him, and his son Isaac; he cut the wood for the burnt offering, and set out and went to the place in the distance that God had shown him. On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place far away. Then Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here with the donkey; the boy and I will go over there; we will worship, and then we will come back to you.” Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering and laid it on his son Isaac, and he himself carried the fire and the knife. So the two of them walked on together. Isaac said to his father Abraham, “Father!” And he said, “Here I am, my son.” He said, “The fire and the wood are here, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” Abraham said, “God himself will provide the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.” So the two of them walked on together.

When they came to the place that God had shown him, Abraham built an altar there and laid the wood in order. He bound his son Isaac, and laid him on the altar, on top of the wood. 10 Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to kill his son. 11 But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven, and said, “Abraham, Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am.” 12 He said, “Do not lay your hand on the boy or do anything to him; for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me.” 13 And Abraham looked up and saw a ram, caught in a thicket by its horns. Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering instead of his son. 14 So Abraham called that place “The Lord will provide”; as it is said to this day, “On the mount of the Lord it shall be provided.”

15 The angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven, 16 and said, “By myself I have sworn, says the Lord: Because you have done this, and have not withheld your son, your only son, 17 I will indeed bless you, and I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of heaven and as the sand that is on the seashore. And your offspring shall possess the gate of their enemies, 18 and by your offspring shall all the nations of the earth gain blessing for themselves, because you have obeyed my voice.” 19 So Abraham returned to his young men, and they arose and went together to Beer-sheba; and Abraham lived at Beer-sheba.

Points of Interest:

  • A number of things have happened since we left off with Abram, Sarai, and their dysfunctional household. In response to their ongoing spiritual life and sense of destiny, they have both altered their names somewhat, and are now called Abraham and Sarah. Hagar’s child Ishmael is all grown up, and Abraham and Sarah have had a miracle baby of their own, a son they named Isaac.
  • I once studied this passage with a rabbi who found dark humor in the dialogue. When Abraham tells Isaac, “God will provide the lamb, my son,” we hear him at first simply addressing his teeage son. This rabbi joked that Abraham might have been indicating that Isaac is in fact the lamb God provided. That would have put a damper on their hiking conversation! This same rabbi speculated that Abraham returned later to a different city because he couldn’t bear to see his wife afterwards. That would be an awkward conversation – “Honey, what did you and our boy do today?”
  • In all seriousness, this is a harrowing story. In the Jewish tradition, it’s referred to as the “binding of Isaac.” This is a story about a man who thinks God’s telling him to kill his only son and who gets as close as tying him down to a homemade altar before stopping. We’ll present two very different interpretations of this passage, and then run with the second interpretation for the sake of our own efforts to engage in a God-soaked world.
  • The most traditional interpretation of this passage takes it at face value. Abraham has left his home and inheritance based on a word from God, waited over ten years for the promised child to come, and then God tests his faith one more time. In this understanding, Abraham senses God speaking accurately. Then in faith that God will bring Isaac back to life, or provide him with a substitute heir, or make it work out in some other way, he brings Isaac and a pile of wood up to a mountaintop. Very close to the murder, Abraham has a strong impulse to stop and attributes this impulse to a messenger from God, or perhaps he physically sees a vision of a person telling him to stop. He then sees a lamb caught in a bush and realizes God still wants a sacrifice, but will take an animal sacrifice instead. So he unties his son, kills the lamb, praises God, senses God’s praise for him and reaffirming of God’s promise, then heads back down the mountain, and calls it a day. A particularly Christian spin on this interpretation is to see the lamb in the bush as a foreshadowing of the eventual death of Jesus, who has been called – amongst other things – the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world.
  • This traditional interpretation has some strengths but also a couple of major problems. It’s a pretty ugly and – for the Bible – very unusual view of God. Ancient Near Eastern residents understood their Canaanite fertility gods to demand child sacrifice to ensure further children and good harvests. But the Old Testament strongly condemns this practice and makes it clear that the God of Abraham, who people eventually believe to be the one, true God of the world, is not like this. Also, this scene is only mentioned twice in the New Testament, and never as a symbol for Jesus’ death.
  • Since the Middle Ages, numerous other readings of this passage have been proposed. Here is one. Abraham may have thought that God was asking for a child sacrifice. After all, he’d experienced God speaking to him at sites of fertility-god worship, other gods in his region expected this, and perhaps his family god would require this sacrifice as well. Under this interpretation, Abraham is mistaken in his original sense of God speaking to him, but then accurately discerns God telling him to stop. In this understanding of the passage, Abraham is led by God’s spirit to a truer, healthier view of God – God who will bless Abraham and his descendants and would never demand the death of a human. Abraham is able to pass that knowledge on to his descendants, and child sacrifice is never again proposed by Abraham’s descendants, except when they disobey God to worship the false, destructive gods of neighboring cultures.

Spiritual Exercise: Name something you used to think about God that you no longer think is healthy or accurate. Ask God to continue to give you a true and accurate belief about and experience of God.

Prayer: Pray that your church will help you and many others develop a true picture of God. As you and others seek to hear God’s voice during this season, pray that you’ll listen well and discern wisely, sorting out false pictures of god from the true and good God revealed in the person of Jesus.

God-Soaked World Bible Guide – Day 2

Tuesday, March 7 – Genesis 16:1-16

Now Sarai, Abram’s wife, bore him no children. She had an Egyptian slave-girl whose name was Hagar, and Sarai said to Abram, “You see that the Lord has prevented me from bearing children; go in to my slave-girl; it may be that I shall obtain children by her.” And Abram listened to the voice of Sarai. So, after Abram had lived ten years in the land of Canaan, Sarai, Abram’s wife, took Hagar the Egyptian, her slave-girl, and gave her to her husband Abram as a wife. He went in to Hagar, and she conceived; and when she saw that she had conceived, she looked with contempt on her mistress. Then Sarai said to Abram, “May the wrong done to me be on you! I gave my slave-girl to your embrace, and when she saw that she had conceived, she looked on me with contempt. May the Lord judge between you and me!” But Abram said to Sarai, “Your slave-girl is in your power; do to her as you please.” Then Sarai dealt harshly with her, and she ran away from her.

The angel of the Lord found her by a spring of water in the wilderness, the spring on the way to Shur. And he said, “Hagar, slave-girl of Sarai, where have you come from and where are you going?” She said, “I am running away from my mistress Sarai.” The angel of the Lord said to her, “Return to your mistress, and submit to her.” 10 The angel of the Lord also said to her, “I will so greatly multiply your offspring that they cannot be counted for multitude.” 11 And the angel of the Lord said to her,

“Now you have conceived and shall bear a son;
you shall call him Ishmael,
for the Lord has given heed to your affliction.
12 He shall be a wild ass of a man,
with his hand against everyone,
and everyone’s hand against him;
and he shall live at odds with all his kin.”

13 So she named the Lord who spoke to her, “You are El-roi”; for she said, “Have I really seen God and remained alive after seeing him?” 14 Therefore the well was called Beer-lahai-roi; it lies between Kadesh and Bered.

15 Hagar bore Abram a son; and Abram named his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael. 16 Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore him Ishmael.

 

Points of Interest:

  • Ten years later, Abram and Sarai are no closer to the fulfillment of what they thought God promised when they first arrived in Canaan. Their solution to their barrenness was probably less shocking in their culture than it would be in ours. Slave women were the property of their owners, so using Hagar as a surrogate mother to produce an heir for Abram and Sarai may have seemed reasonable to the couple, regardless of what Hagar may have thought of the arrangement.
  • Hagar’s pregnancy apparently creates its own problems. Hagar is of lower social class and is a cultural and perhaps racial outsider to this household. But now she has the honor of pregnancy that Sarai has never experienced. Perhaps she finds ways to rub this in Sarai’s face, or perhaps Sarai projects this behavior out of her own insecurity and jealousy. When Sarai blames Abram for her difficulty, he abdicates any responsibility and tells Sarai to solve her own problem. Perhaps she begins insulting Hagar, perhaps she works the pregnant servant harshly, or perhaps she has her beaten. We don’t know, but the family is a mess, and Hagar’s life in particular is miserable enough that she flees alone to the wilderness.
  • Alone and on the run, Hagar has her first experience of a God-soaked world. The word angel means messenger, so Hagar may encounter what she believes to be a spiritual being, or she may talk with a person who meets her by the spring of water, asks her for her story, and then speaks for God.
  • The messenger gives what sounds like mixed news. She’s supposed to return to her somewhat abusive household and her son is predicted to grow up to be a difficult man. That said, her dignity is elevated in that God sees and understands all the details of her seemingly insignificant life. Henceforth, she also won’t merely be a slave and surrogate, but the mother of an important person in the world.
  • The Egyptian slave Hagar is the first person in the Bible to name God. She doesn’t know what god this messenger speaks for, but she calls this god the “God who sees,” since she knows God sees and knows and has taken an interest in her.

Spiritual Exercise: Hagar’s story tell us God sees and hears us fully, sees all the hard things in our lives, is glad to be with us in them, and can do something about them. Start with your current setting – the room you are in, the clothes you’re wearing, etc. – and say to yourself, “God sees this brown chair. God sees my blue sweater, etc.” Then name to God one challenge in your life. Naming the various aspects of this challenge, say to yourself that God sees and hears each one of them. Tell yourself God is glad to be with you in this. Then ask God how it is that God understands how big this is to you, and how God can help you.

Prayer: Name a large problem your city or country is facing. Practice the above exercise with that issue as well, telling yourself God sees and hears this and is glad to be with you and your community and nation in this. Ask God how God understands how big this is to the people involved and ask God to help them.

God-Soaked World Bible Guide – Day 1

Monday, March 6 – Genesis 11:27-12:9

27 Now these are the descendants of Terah. Terah was the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran was the father of Lot. 28 Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans. 29 Abram and Nahor took wives; the name of Abram’s wife was Sarai, and the name of Nahor’s wife was Milcah. She was the daughter of Haran the father of Milcah and Iscah. 30 Now Sarai was barren; she had no child.

31 Terah took his son Abram and his grandson Lot son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram’s wife, and they went out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go into the land of Canaan; but when they came to Haran, they settled there. 32 The days of Terah were two hundred five years; and Terah died in Haran.

Now the Lord said to Abram, “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and the one who curses you I will curse; and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”

So Abram went, as the Lord had told him; and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed from Haran. Abram took his wife Sarai and his brother’s son Lot, and all the possessions that they had gathered, and the persons whom they had acquired in Haran; and they set forth to go to the land of Canaan. When they had come to the land of Canaan, Abram passed through the land to the place at Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. At that time the Canaanites were in the land. Then the Lord appeared to Abram, and said, “To your offspring I will give this land.” So he built there an altar to the Lord, who had appeared to him. From there he moved on to the hill country on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the east; and there he built an altar to the Lord and invoked the name of the Lord. And Abram journeyed on by stages toward the Negeb.

Points of Interest:

  • At the center of this passage is an experience a man named Abram is purported to have had some four thousand years ago. Jews, Christians, and Muslims all tell this story and take interest in this experience of Abram hearing God speak to him. But the experience isn’t reported in isolation. It’s described in the context of Abram’s family story and historical and cultural context.
  • The exposition of Abram’s life draws us into a colorful and tragic family story. Abram’s brother Haran dies young, leaving Terah and the extended family to care for Haran’s family. Terah is a bold but grief-stricken man. He leaves his homeland of Ur with one of his surviving sons and a grandson and their families. He is headed to the land of Canaan, for reasons we don’t know, but perhaps due to age, perhaps due to grief, only makes it part way, where he settles and dies in the town of Haran. In Hebrew, this isn’t an identical name as his dead son’s, but is hauntingly (or maybe comfortingly) similar. Abram and Sarai are the one couple in the family unable to have children. In the ancient Near East barrenness was a tragedy. It meant no heir in times when generational inheritance was the closest thing people had to a sense of afterlife, or long-term significance. It also meant no help in one’s old age, in an agrarian culture with no cultural safety nets or means of retirement savings.
  • In the midst of Abram’s disappointing middle age years, he senses God speaking to him. The Bible rarely describes the means by which people discern God speaking. Was this an audible voice? A dream? An internal voice experienced while praying to a moon god? (The ancient city of Haran had a temple to the Canaanite mood god, Sin.) A gut sense that came to him while herding sheep, or eating breakfast, or gazing into a fire? We have no idea. Any of these are possible.
  • The content of Abram’s message from God is persevered, though. It’s a high risk, high reward message. This middle-aged man with no heirs and no help for his upcoming old age experiences God telling him to leave his community – to leave his family, and by extension, his inheritance. He’s to continue the journey his father began years ago, to a land he’s never been to. In exchange, God will give him protection, reputation, and somehow (without descendants at this point!) a long-term legacy that will impact world history for good. It’s an exchange of present security, identity, and land – everything he knew and that defined him – for much greater security, identity, and land that God promises, through at this point mysterious means.
  • Abram trusts the voice and uproots his whole household to take a journey into the unknown. As a side note, I have no idea what to make of the ages in these early passages of Genesis. Some conservative readers think they refer to the unusual longevity of the spiritual forefathers of the faith, but there is no anthropological or scientific evidence that would suggest this. I tend to think the numbers were inflated over time in the oral tradition, and that they had numerological significance (largely lost to us) in their original context. Abram, though, was not a young man. This was at least a mid-life redirect.
  • Once Abram reaches the land his father originally set out for, we read God appeared to him. Again, there’s lots of missing context. As with Abram’s first experience, we don’t know how this one occurred – a vision, a dream, an interior sense, some other means? We also don’t know which god Abram thought he was communicating with. Abram was not a mono-theist. Abram’s first spiritual experience happens near a temple to a Canaanite moon god, and this second one happens by a large Canaanite tree, which likely would have been a site of worship to fertility gods, connected with agriculture and offspring. The name used here – the Lord, in Hebrew “Yahweh” – was a name for God first known by Moses, hundreds of years later.
  • Abram’s second spiritual experience builds upon the first. He senses a “where” and a “how” to God’s promise to him. Despite the odds, he’ll have offspring, and he’s found the land in which his descendants will become great. So he travels about building altars and making sacrifices to the god he sees as backing him. He’s using the spiritual practices of his time and culture to respond to his experience of God.

Spiritual Exercise: We don’t experience God in a vacuum, but in the context of our familial and cultural inheritance. Consider one of the following – an unfulfilled dream of your parents or any ancestor of yours, or a current challenge in your life story. Ask God if God has any promise for you in this context. Sit quietly for a few moments, and take note of whatever you experience.

Prayer: Ask that your six – whatever their spiritual context – would experience God speaking promise to them, whatever their experience of God has or hasn’t been to date.

Daily Bible Guide 2017 – Introduction

 

Welcome to our annual Bible guide. Since our church’s inception, we’ve promoted regular, systematic Bible reading as part of a series of practices that help us follow Jesus and find increasing life, hope, joy, peace, and purpose as we do so. It’s not because the Bible is a perfect or easy book. In fact, it’s not really a book at all. It’s a collection of letters, prayers, ancient historical documents, memoirs, poems, and more written by dozens of people over several centuries.

As noted by writer Mike McHargue, the Bible is “at least a collection of books and writings assembled by the Church that chronicle a people group’s experiences with, and understanding of, God over thousands of years.” McHargue goes on to say, “Even if that is a comprehensive definition of the Bible, study of scripture is warranted to understand our culture and the way in which people come to know God.” (http://mikemchargue.com/blog/2015/3/24/axioms-about-faith)

Now neither Mike McHargue nor I are saying this is all the Bible is. The Bible is also our earliest and best witness to the person of Jesus of Nazareth. It’s the text by which God has seemed to speak again and again to so many historical communities and to so many of us as well. It’s been used to justify terrible acts and ideologies but it’s also been a source of enormous comfort and inspiration as well.

However, as a library of thoughts and experiences with God, the Bible is – in my opinion – unmatched. It’s a reservoir of stories and ideas about people’s experience of God with us. And in this year’s Bible guide, we’ll tap this reservoir to see what it has to offer to each of us.

Our church has produced these Bible guides annually for more than a dozen years. Most years we take a different, single section of the Bible and read it over six weeks. This year, we’ll survey the Bible as a whole, more or less from beginning to end, with a particular theme in mind – just how is it that people experience God present in the world, and how do they then engage with God?

One of the most radical assumptions of the Hebrew scriptures, known to Christians as the Old Testament, is that a transcendent, creator God takes a particular interest in human affairs and can be known personally by humans. In the New Testament, the portion of the Christian Bible written in the century following the life of Jesus, this claim is intensified. The writers all indicate that God is uniquely present in the person of Jesus and can be spiritually experienced and connected with even after Jesus’ life in Palestine ended.

This year’s Bible guide attempts a survey of these experiences and claims. We’ll take a quick tour through some of the Bible’s most famous and most interesting accounts of people’s interactions with God. And we’ll ask what seemed to happen in those moments, and what might they mean for us today? In a world where God seems more present and real at some times and not at others, what kind of connection with a living God can we expect? When some people report regular and powerful spiritual experiences and others few to none, how can all of us who want to experience a more personal and vital connection to a living God?

Our first two weeks of this guide will look at some experiences recorded in the Hebrew scriptures – moments when people experienced their world as suddenly God-soaked. In our third week, we’ll read a few psalms together. The psalms are the Bible’s ancient prayer book, which models engaging with God in all times and moods and circumstances.

In our fourth and fifth weeks, we’ll examine some stories and teachings from the life of Jesus. These will be interactions people witnessed Jesus having with God, or times when people’s interaction with Jesus forged a connection with God, or things Jesus had to say about knowing God. And in our final week, we’ll look at a few things that Jesus’ first century followers had to say about experiencing God with us, in the wake of the life and teachings of Jesus.

Each day we’ll present you with a different short passage, this year in the New Revised Standard Version, followed by three sections:

  • Points of Interest—a handful of comments, which include literary or historical notes as well as impressions, thoughts, questions, and reactions. These aren’t meant to be exhaustive or authoritative, but simply to give you some more perspective to work with as you ponder the passage yourself.
  • Spiritual Exercise—every day, there will a takeaway summary thought and a short exercise to try. These actions, meditations, and activities might be the most valuable part of the guide, where we see if God can soak into our experience through the day’s passage.
  • Prayer Prompt – a suggested prayer. These invitations will focus on the prayers for others we encourage people to try during this season:
    • For your six: Consider six of your favorite people, people you interact with on a regular basis, who don’t seem to have much of a direct connection to God and for whom you are very much rooting. What does this passage have to say to them, or to you about them?
    • For our church: How can we apply the passage corporately as a faith community?
    • For our city: What does the passage say to or about our entire city?

The Daily Bible Guide, while it can certainly be a standalone product, is designed to be one component of a bigger package called 40 Days of Faith – a six-week faith experiment that includes sermons, community group discussions, further prayer exercises, and more. You can learn more about the full 40 Days of Faith in this year’s User’s Manual, available on the campus and at the website of Reservoir Church. And the Bible guide itself is available in various forms: paper, blog, and podcast. Look online at www.reservoirchurch.org.

Ashes to Ashes, Dust to Dust

Tonight, Reservoir Church celebrates our first ever Ash Wednesday service. Our spin on the ancient church season of Lent – what we call our 40 Days of Faith – tends to start the Sunday six weeks before Easter.

But this year, we honor the traditional beginning for those interested, a Wednesday in which we remember our own mortality and God’s grace in loving us – limited as we are – and in carrying our lives and all of human history and everything else that is too big for us.

One of our pastors, Cate, found this poem, which I wanted to pass on for you all as well.

Blessing the Dust
A Blessing for Ash Wednesday

All those days
you felt like dust,
like dirt,
as if all you had to do
was turn your face
toward the wind
and be scattered
to the four corners

or swept away
by the smallest breath
as insubstantial—

Did you not know
what the Holy One
can do with dust?

This is the day
we freely say
we are scorched.

This is the hour
we are marked
by what has made it
through the burning.

This is the moment
we ask for the blessing
that lives within
the ancient ashes,
that makes its home
inside the soil of
this sacred earth.

So let us be marked
not for sorrow.
And let us be marked
not for shame.
Let us be marked
not for false humility
or for thinking
we are less
than we are

but for claiming
what God can do
within the dust,
within the dirt,
within the stuff
of which the world
is made,
and the stars that blaze
in our bones,
and the galaxies that spiral
inside the smudge
we bear.

–Jan Richardson

Ending Your 40 Days of Faith

Spring has arrived, major league baseball teams are getting ready to come north again, and another 40 Days of Faith has come and gone. How can we end a season like this, and mark what we’ve learned or continue new habits we’ve found helpful? I’d love to offer you four thoughts on this today.

  • Write down, and tell somebody, whatever you learned.

So here’s the pro tip from this seasoned educator. Extensive research shows that when we write about and talk about things we’ve seen and heard and experienced, good things happen. We remember them better. We find ourselves able to make more meaning out of them. They sink deeper into our long-term memory and take on greater roots in our consciousness. Don’t waste any experience you’ve had during this season.

In my prayers for greater peace and joy in my parenting and pastoring, I felt like Jesus gave me three different images to continue thinking about in the months to come. I’ve written these down in a journal. I’ve talked about them with my colleagues and friends. You heard me preach about two of them (the “Where is the Door?” game, and Jesus coming to us behind our locked doors) at church on Easter.

Write it down. Tell somebody.

journal

  • Continue anything that is still giving you life.

We run this season for 40 Days because of tradition and sanity. But most of my friends who’ve participated in one of these faith experiments have found or remembered something that they would like to be part of their lives year round. For instance, each year during 40 Days of Faith, my prayer for my 6 becomes more regular, and I keep that going year round as close to every day as possible. Having most of our church praying for a few friends that don’t seem to be receiving much from God is one of the most important things our community does in our city. I think it has huge long-term implications for us, for our friends, and for our church. So there’s that.

As the guy who wrote the Romans Bible guide, I also found that once through wasn’t enough for me, so I’m going to read through Romans and the guide again. Other friends I know have hit Easter before without clear answers to their prayers and keep on with their prayer and fasting until they feel God has answered their prayers or otherwise spoken to them. So, there might be an 86, or 423 Days of Faith for you…

  • Tell Jesus what you’re still longing for.

Part of the purpose of 40 Days of faith is to awaken our hearts, to reverse the emotional shut down that settles in for so many of us after we grow up, or in mid life. So if you’ve tapped into desires that you’ve been praying for and are still unsettled, talk with Jesus about that. Ask Jesus if you’d be better served by praying for these longings every day some more, by taking some action on them, or by letting them go in contentment and faith. But don’t just shut them down – our desires are a big part of what makes us human, and of how God speaks to us.

  • Memorialize anything worth celebrating or remembering.

There’s an ancient Hebrew practice, seen in many other cultures as well, of making small memorials anytime people want to remember or celebrate something significant. Often these were cairns, like you see marking hiking trails above treeline, or mountain summits.

CAIRN

One of these moments is in I Samuel 7:12, when a charismatic leader of early Israel named Samuel marks an important moment of spiritual renewal and national victory for his community. He does it like this:

Samuel then took a large stone and placed it between the towns of Mizpah and Jeshanah. He named it Ebenezer (which means “the stone of help”), for he said, ‘Up to this point the Lord has helped us!'”

Here are just a few more examples of this kind of thing.

If you feel that God has helped you or spoken to you in some way, memorialize that. Make a craft. Write yourself a letter. Plant a tree. Devote a night of your community group – if you’re in one – to this kind of thing. Take a friend out to a nice dinner and make a toast about it. Whatever works for you. It’s a way of thanking God, sharing the good news with others, and marking it for memory.

Romans Bible Guide – Day 41

Romans Recap

It’s been nice spending the past forty days in Romans with you. Personally, I’m ready to start again and travel through the text over the next forty days as well. But today, rather than fill your minds and ears with my commentary, we’ll simply recap some highlights of our journey through Romans. Below are sixteen short excerpts that capture some of the highlights and flow of Paul’s letter.

Romans 1:14-17

14I am a debtor both to Greeks and to barbarians, both to the wise and to the foolish 15—hence my eagerness to proclaim the gospel to you also who are in Rome. 16For I am not ashamed of the gospel; it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who has faith, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 17For in it the righteousness of God is revealed through faith for faith; as it is written, “The one who is righteous will live by faith.”

Romans 3:21-26

21But now, apart from law, the righteousness of God has been disclosed, and is attested by the law and the prophets, 22the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction, 23since all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God; 24they are now justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, 25whom God put forward as a sacrifice of atonement by his blood, effective through faith. He did this to show his righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over the sins previously committed; 26it was to prove at the present time that he himself is righteous and that he justifies the one who has faith in Jesus.

Romans 4:13-17

13For the promise that he would inherit the world did not come to Abraham or to his descendants through the law but through the righteousness of faith. 14If it is the adherents of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. 15For the law brings wrath; but where there is no law, neither is there violation.

16For this reason it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his descendants, not only to the adherents of the law but also to those who share the faith of Abraham (for he is the father of all of us, 17 as it is written, “I have made you the father of many nations”)—in the presence of the God in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist.

Romans 5:6-11

6For while we were still weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly. 7Indeed, rarely will anyone die for a righteous person—though perhaps for a good person someone might actually dare to die. 8But God proves his love for us in that while we still were sinners Christ died for us. 9Much more surely then, now that we have been justified by his blood, will we be saved through him from the wrath of God. 10For if while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of his Son, much more surely, having been reconciled, will we be saved by his life. 11But more than that, we even boast in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.

Romans 6:5-11

5For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we will certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him so that the body of sin might be destroyed, and we might no longer be enslaved to sin. 7For whoever has died is freed from sin. 8But if we have died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with him. 9We know that Christ, being raised from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him. 10The death he died, he died to sin, once for all; but the life he lives, he lives to God. 11So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus.

Romans 8:1-2

There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. 2For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set you free from the law of sin and of death.

Romans 8:18-23

18I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory about to be revealed to us. 19For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the children of God; 20for the creation was subjected to futility, not of its own will but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope 21that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and will obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God. 22We know that the whole creation has been groaning in labor pains until now; 23and not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the first fruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly while we wait for adoption, the redemption of our bodies.

Romans 8:31-39

31What then are we to say about these things? If God is for us, who is against us? 32 He who did not withhold his own Son, but gave him up for all of us, will he not with him also give us everything else? 33 Who will bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. 34 Who is to condemn? It is Christ Jesus, who died, yes, who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who indeed intercedes for us. 35 Who will separate us from the love of Christ? Will hardship, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? 36 As it is written,

“For your sake we are being killed all day long;
we are accounted as sheep to be slaughtered.”

37 No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. 38 For I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor rulers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, 39 nor height, nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Romans 9:1-5

9 I am speaking the truth in Christ—I am not lying; my conscience confirms it by the Holy Spirit— I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. For I could wish that I myself were accursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my own people, my kindred according to the flesh. They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises; to them belong the patriarchs, and from them, according to the flesh, comes the Messiah, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen.

Romans 11:25-33

25 So that you may not claim to be wiser than you are, brothers and sisters, I want you to understand this mystery: a hardening has come upon part of Israel, until the full number of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be saved; as it is written,

“Out of Zion will come the Deliverer;
he will banish ungodliness from Jacob.”
27 “And this is my covenant with them,
when I take away their sins.”

28 As regards the gospel they are enemies of God for your sake; but as regards election they are beloved, for the sake of their ancestors; 29 for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable. 30 Just as you were once disobedient to God but have now received mercy because of their disobedience, 31 so they have now been disobedient in order that, by the mercy shown to you, they too may now receive mercy. 32 For God has imprisoned all in disobedience so that he may be merciful to all.

33 O the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!

Romans 12:1-2

12 I appeal to you therefore, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds, so that you may discern what is the will of God—what is good and acceptable and perfect.

Romans 12:9-13

Let love be genuine; hate what is evil, hold fast to what is good; 10 love one another with mutual affection; outdo one another in showing honor. 11 Do not lag in zeal, be ardent in spirit, serve the Lord. 12 Rejoice in hope, be patient in suffering, persevere in prayer. 13 Contribute to the needs of the saints; extend hospitality to strangers.

Romans 13:8-10

Owe no one anything, except to love one another; for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery; You shall not murder; You shall not steal; You shall not covet”; and any other commandment, are summed up in this word, “Love your neighbor as yourself.” 10 Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore, love is the fulfilling of the law.

Romans 15:1-6

15 We who are strong ought to put up with the failings of the weak, and not to please ourselves. Each of us must please our neighbor for the good purpose of building up the neighbor. For Christ did not please himself; but, as it is written, “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.” For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, so that by steadfastness and by the encouragement of the scriptures we might have hope. May the God of steadfastness and encouragement grant you to live in harmony with one another, in accordance with Christ Jesus, so that together you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Romans 15:28-29

28 So, when I have completed this, and have delivered to them what has been collected, I will set out by way of you to Spain; 29 and I know that when I come to you, I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.

Romans 16:16

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.

Taking It Home:

For youWhat has most struck you in your reading of Romans? Take a moment today to write down one of the larger insights or gifts that Jesus has given you. Ask God for help in remembering this and having it stick with you far beyond this season.

For your church, your 6, and your city: Pray for another Jesus movement in our own times, for the good news of Jesus to captivate and fill your church and to encourage your friends and your city as well.

Romans Bible Guide – Day 40

Previously, in Romans: Paul is wrapping up the letter to the Romans with closing greetings and blessings.

Romans 16:17-27

17I urge you, brothers and sisters, to keep an eye on those who cause dissensions and offenses, in opposition to the teaching that you have learned; avoid them. 18For such people do not serve our Lord Christ, but their own appetites, and by smooth talk and flattery they deceive the hearts of the simple-minded. 19For while your obedience is known to all, so that I rejoice over you, I want you to be wise in what is good and guileless in what is evil. 20The God of peace will shortly crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

21Timothy, my co-worker, greets you; so do Lucius and Jason and Sosipater, my relatives.

22I Tertius, the writer of this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23Gaius, who is host to me and to the whole church, greets you. Erastus, the city treasurer, and our brother Quartus, greet you.

25Now to God who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages 26but is now disclosed, and through the prophetic writings is made known to all the Gentiles, according to the command of the eternal God, to bring about the obedience of faith— 27to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever! Amen.

Points of Interest:

  • ‘an eye on those who cause dissensions and offenses’ – Avoiding dissensions and mutual offenses has certainly been a part of the theme of Romans. Perhaps Paul wants to urge them to watch out for this kind of thing one more time. And yet overall, the themes in this paragraph and its stridency of tone don’t really sound like the rest of the letter.

    A second possibility, one we’re not used to thinking about, is that Paul didn’t write these words at all. As with pretty much every single ancient text, no one has the original, handwritten copies of any of the books of the Bible. Written nearly two thousand years ago on papyrus that didn’t always age well, they most likely are now composted pulp somewhere in a subterranean ruin. The text that is translated in our Bibles is based on an amalgam of all of the most ancient copies of these writings. For about 99% of the words, there is fairly unanimous agreement on what the originals were likely to have said. But now and then, there are variants, and scholars have to practice the discipline of textual criticism to determine what the original authors were likely to have meant.

    So even very old Bible translations like the King James Version from over four hundred years ago are largely adequate fine, but they’re not only in an outdated form of the English language, but are a little less accurate due to advances in archaeology and scholarship. All this to say, you can be confident that something like 99.9% of your Bible is accurate where it counts. But here and there, there are small disputes over words and verses.

    Romans 16:17-20 is one of two places in this chapter where this is the case. The tone and theme differs from the rest of Romans, and the vocabulary and argumentation don’t match Paul’s in Romans and in the other New Testament letters he wrote. It is possible that the unity expressed with the line “Greet one another with a holy kiss” was just too full of love and that leaders in later first century Roman churches added these words to censor those they didn’t agree with.

  • ‘Timothy, my co-worker, greets you…’ – The savvy reader will notice that this flows as if it came right after vs. 16, where yesterday’s passage ended with a number of greetings. This is yet another reason that some scholars think the previous four verses weren’t part of the original letter.
  • ‘vs. 24’ – Those of you looking at the passage will note that in this translation, it jumps from vs. 23 straight to vs. 25. That is because verse 24 would read like this: The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen. It’s a short benediction, a closing blessing. But then verses 25-27 have a longer closing blessing. Scholars are pretty sure that Paul wrote only one. So some translations have eliminated verse 24.
  • One of today’s best scholars on Romans, Robert Jewett, who I’ve mentioned a couple of times, thinks the opposite is true. He thinks verses 25-27 are later additions to the text for similar reasons as the addition in verses 16-20. The tone and vocabulary and themes of these three verses don’t match, and they easily could have been tacked onto copies of the letters that circulated? Why? Nero persecuted the early Christians in Rome just after this letter was written, and then in the late 60s A.D., Rome’s armies invaded Palestine and besieged Jerusalem, crushing a Jewish rebellion there, destroying the city and its temple, and scattering Jews abroad. Afterwards, the Gentile churches increasingly distanced themselves from their Jewish roots, a tragic early chapter of anti-Semitism in the Christian story. Whereas all mentions of the Gentiles in Romans are alongside the Jews to whose story they are connected, here the new ending of Romans focuses on Gentiles alone. This isn’t what Paul intended at all.

Taking It Home:

For youThank God that questions about the accuracy of the Bible’s text are exceedingly rare. If Romans does end with a simple word that the grace of Jesus is with us all today, how is the presence of Jesus to both love and lead you an encouragement to you? Ask Jesus to be with you in all that you do today, inviting his grace and leadership in places where you particularly know you will need it.

For your 6 – Perhaps the many, many failings of churches over the years have given some of your 6 a negative view of Jesus. Pray that Jesus will find them anyway, to give them grace.

Romans Bible Guide – Day 39

Previously, in Romans: Paul has explained the most practical purpose of his letter – to visit the Roman churches and get their support as he travels to Spain. Even in this, his focus on the good news of Jesus to both Jews and Gentiles is readily apparent.

Romans 16:1-16

1 I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon of the church at Cenchreae, 2so that you may welcome her in the Lord as is fitting for the saints, and help her in whatever she may require from you, for she has been a benefactor of many and of myself as well.

3Greet Prisca and Aquila, who work with me in Christ Jesus, 4and who risked their necks for my life, to whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles. 5Greet also the church in their house. Greet my beloved Epaenetus, who was the first convert in Asia for Christ. 6Greet Mary, who has worked very hard among you. 7Greet Andronicus and Junia, my relatives who were in prison with me; they are prominent among the apostles, and they were in Christ before I was. 8Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord. 9Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ, and my beloved Stachys. 10Greet Apelles, who is approved in Christ. Greet those who belong to the family of Aristobulus. 11Greet my relative Herodion. Greet those in the Lord who belong to the family of Narcissus. 12Greet those workers in the Lord, Tryphaena and Tryphosa. Greet the beloved Persis, who has worked hard in the Lord. 13Greet Rufus, chosen in the Lord; and greet his mother—a mother to me also. 14Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers and sisters who are with them. 15Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them. 16Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.

Points of Interest:

  • ‘I commend to you our sister Phoebe’ –  Cenchreae is the seaport nearest to Cortinth, in Greece, where Paul wrote this letter. Phoebe is a church leader in that community and apparently a woman of some means as well. In addition to being part of her church leadership team, Paul trusts her with the responsibility to hand-deliver this letter to Rome, likely at her own expense. Perhaps she’ll also stick around and organize the advance team for Paul’s intended visit and trip to Spain.

    In other Pauline letters, there are comments that question his backing of women in church leadership, but in this chapter alone, three women are named as high-authority church leaders. Phoebe is the first. Whatever Paul says about how women lead, it has to be interpreted in light of his substantial and, in his context, pretty radical actual endorsement of their leadership.

  • ‘Prisca and Aquila….’ – Prisca is the second female leader mentioned here and has her name placed before her husband’s, unusual for the first century. Best as we can reconstruct their story from elsewhere in the New Testament, they were Jews living in Rome who were evicted from the city after the Edict of Claudius exiled Jews from Rome. At some point, they began to follow Jesus and became significant friends and partners of Paul’s throughout the 50s A.D.
  • ‘Greet also the church in their house’ – Prisca and Aquila are now back in Rome, leading a small church in their home. These are the kind of house churches we think of when we think of the first century Jesus community – several families and individuals that met several times a week for meals and worship in the living rooms of a relatively wealthy host. As we’ll see in a minute, though, there aren’t the only kinds of house churches.
  • ‘Andronicus and Junia… they are prominent among the apostles…’ – Paul greets a number of people either known to him personally or by reputation or through friends. Paul cared a great deal about the relationships he picked up in his travels and in a time before email, phone, and postal service, did his best to remind them of his love and prayers. Two of the people he singles out are apostles, one of whom is Junia, this chapter’s third female leader. “Apostle” literally means sent one, and it usually referred to people who helped establish new work for Jesus, often people who personally knew Jesus during his lifetime.
  • ‘greet those who belong to the family of Aristobulus’ – Beyond house churches meeting in wealthy families’ living rooms, scholars detect other types of house communities in these greetings. Those who belong to the family or Aristobulus, and in the next verse, to Narcissus, would be slaves or laborers working in these households. Based on the names, the lists of people in verses 14 and 15 likely share leadership of communities that meet in slum tenements. There is no indication of singular leadership or wealthy patronage for these communities.
  • ‘Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.’ – In many ways, this could be the true climax of the letter to the Romans. Their communities are all connected to the broader community of Jesus, who has welcomed them. And they are now told to extend greeting and love to one another. Jews and Gentiles, men and women, privileged and slaves – they are all in this life of Jesus together, and they are all invited to greet one another in love and friendship.

Taking It Home:

For youThank God today for all the people that lead and host and fund community groups and churches. Consider also sending your greetings and appreciation today to one of them, or to someone else significant in your life that you don’t get to see very often.

For your city/church – What would a “greeting with a holy kiss” look like today? How can followers of Jesus extend love and friendship across different within and beyond our churches? Brainstorm what this would look like with someone else this week, and see how you can make it so.